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What is a Ceramic PCB?

PCB Manufacturing Process

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Why is Ceramic PCB so Popular?

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High Thermal Expansion

The first reason why ceramic boards are so popular in the electronics sector is their excellent thermal coefficient expansion.

It is good to note that the ceramic base heat transmission almost matches silicon and can act as a connection material. Besides, you can use it as an isolator.

For applications requiring exceptional thermal performance, such as high-temperature PCBs, ceramic boards are indispensable due to their adaptability in adverse conditions.

Stability

The application of ceramic brings a stable dielectric capacity, and you can modify the balance into a partial radiofrequency loss to increase your device’s power.

Still, despite the surface roughness, ceramic materials come with an inherent resistance against chemical erosion. Ceramic’s chemical resistance can change to resistance against liquids and moisture.

Versatility

Integrated metal core boards with high thermal expansion can be used for several applications. Using the sintering technique, the metal core can still be turned into a reliable conductor. Therefore, ceramic PCBs’ high processing temperatures make them beneficial.

Durability

The ceramic board fabrication process creates durability through unique properties, such as toughness. That prevents your PCB from wear and tear.

You can be confident that you will not change your PCB soon because of its slow aging capacity. Also, the high thermal resistance of ceramic PCBs makes it assume a decelerated decomposition process.

Adaptability

Lastly, metal cores can serve as inflexible carriers that offer mechanical stiffness. This property makes it easier to use ceramic PCBs in any state of matter because of the high resistance to corrosion and normal wear and tear.

Materials Used in a Ceramic PCB

Aluminum Oxide or Alumina

Unlike aluminum, alumina(Al2O3) is a crystalline powder material with high electrical resistivity (about 1 x 1014Ω.cm ).

The common purity of the material ranges from 94% to 99%, with alpha-phase alumina (over 95% purity) being the strongest and stiffest.

96% alumina is the most common in this range because it is affordable and has a CTE of 4.5 to 10.9 x 10-6/K thermal conductivity of 25 W/(m.k). For further insights into materials with superior thermal management properties, such as aluminum PCBs, check out this comprehensive guide

Aluminum Nitride

This non-oxide semiconductor has a hexagonal crystal structure and a bluish-white color when 100% pure, but it can be white, gray, or pale yellow when impure.

Aluminum nitride (AlN) is the best substrate material for ceramic PCBs because its thermal conductivity can be as high as 300W/(m.k).

Its electrical resistivity is also better than alumina’s because it ranges from 10 to 16 Ω.m. But it is expensive.

Beryllium Oxide

Except diamond, beryllium oxide (BeO) has one of the highest thermal conductivity values of all nonmetals (ranges from 209 to 330W/(m.k)).

Additionally, it has strong, rigid bonds between its atoms that raise its melting and boiling points to 2575°C and 3905°C, while its CTE ranges from 7.4 to 8.9 x 10-6/K. These properties make it valuable in various electronics and other industries.

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Types of Ceramic PCBs

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PCB Assembly Services

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Turnkey PCB Assembly

We handle everything from parts sourcing to final assembly, providing a hassle-free experience that ensures top-quality boards every time.

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Prototype & Full Production Runs

Whether you need a few prototypes or large-volume batches, our flexible assembly services adapt to your project’s scope and timeline.

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No matter the complexity, we can assemble boards of all configurations—single-layer, multi-layer, or a mix—to match your exact specifications.

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From one-off prototypes to bulk orders, we accommodate projects of all sizes without compromising on quality or turnaround time.

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PCB Board Process

Order Received

  • Component Procurement
  • Preparation
  • PCB Manufacture
  • Make Process Flow

Soldering

  • Solder Printing/Wave Soldering
  • SMT/Plugging
  • Inspection (repair if necessary)
  • AOI (repair if necessary)
  • Transfer

Parts Assembly

  • Manual Assembly
  • Cleaning
  • Wire Screw
  • Inspection
  • Repair If Necessary

Finalization

  • Final Confirmation
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  • Shiping

Technical Capabilities

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Capabilities & Services

Ceramic PCB Properties

FAQ's

What are the key differences between ceramic and aluminum PCBs?

Aluminum PCBs must incorporate an electrical insulation layer between the metal base and the circuit traces (and around any plated-through holes) because aluminum itself is conductive. Thermally, pure aluminum excels with a conductivity of about 237 W/(m·K), far above the ~25 W/(m·K) typical of common ceramic substrates like aluminum oxide. However, once you add the required insulation on an aluminum board, its effective thermal conductivity drops to just 1–3 W/(m·K), well below that of even basic ceramics. Advanced ceramic materials such as aluminum nitride or beryllium oxide can offer thermal conductivities several times higher, making them the superior choice for heat-sensitive, high-power applications. The one remaining advantage of aluminum PCBs is their mechanical robustness.

What are the main differences between ceramic PCBs and standard FR4 boards?

Ceramic PCBs offer superior thermal conductivity—up to 100× higher than FR4—making them ideal for high-power, high-frequency, or compact designs where heat buildup is critical. While FR4 is cost-effective and suitable for most consumer electronics, ceramic substrates handle extreme environments without added cooling structures. Choose ceramic PCBs when performance, miniaturization, and thermal efficiency are non-negotiable.

Why choose a multilayer ceramic PCB over an FR4-based multilayer board?

Multilayer ceramic PCBs manage heat more efficiently across all layers, eliminating the need for extra cooling components required by FR4. Unlike FR4 boards, ceramic substrates expand uniformly with copper, reducing stress on vias and improving long-term reliability. Their superior strength and vibration resistance make ceramic multilayers ideal for high-performance, high-stress environments.

Where and why are ceramic PCBs used?

Ceramic PCBs are used in high-power LEDs, RF modules, memory units, and solar panels due to their excellent heat dissipation, stability, and durability. Their thermal conductivity and CTE match with copper ensure reliability in compact, high-frequency, and high-voltage systems. From radar systems to semiconductor coolers, ceramic PCBs support advanced electronics that demand precise thermal and electrical performance.

What is the Pros and Cons of Ceramic PCB?

Pros Cons
They have high thermal transmission properties and a more identical coefficient of thermal expansion. They are more expensive than standard boards.
They contain a rigid, lower resistant surface made of aluminum oxide and excellent insulation. They are hardly available.
They have good substrate solderability and their use temperatures are high. They are highly fragile; hence, they require careful handling.
They experience minimal frequency loss, and you can produce them in high density. They are highly fragile, hence they require careful handling.
They lack organic elements, resist cosmic rays, and are highly reliable in the aerospace field.  
Their copper films are free of oxides and are durable, even in adverse conditions.  

What are the key steps in producing a ceramic PCB?

First, silver or gold conductive pastes are applied to each unfired ceramic layer using a layer-by-layer screen-printing technique to form the circuit traces; vias are punched in these green (unfired) layers for interlayer connections. Next, the printed layers are carefully stacked and co-fired in an oven at temperatures below 10,000 °C to sinter the ceramic and bond the metal pastes. This high-temperature baking not only densifies the substrate but also allows passive components to be embedded in internal layers and greatly increases assembly density—features that standard FR4 processes cannot achieve.

What is the maximum temperature for a ceramic PCB?

Ceramic PCBs can generally withstand temperatures up to 200°C or higher, depending on the specific material, with aluminum nitride handling higher temperatures than alumina.

What are the advantages of using ceramic PCBs?

Ceramic PCBs offer high thermal conductivity, excellent electrical insulation, mechanical strength, and high-frequency performance, making them ideal for high-power and high-frequency applications.

Are ceramic PCBs suitable for high-frequency applications?

Yes, ceramic PCBs are well-suited for high-frequency applications due to their low dielectric losses and stable dielectric constants.

Can ceramic PCBs be used in consumer electronics?

While primarily used in high-performance applications, ceramic PCBs can be used in consumer electronics requiring high reliability and thermal management, such as in high-end audio equipment or advanced computing devices.

What is the typical thickness of ceramic PCBs?

The thickness of ceramic PCBs typically ranges from 0.5 mm to several millimeters, depending on the application and design requirements.